Definition, Discussion, and Examples of Close Reading

Definition, Discussion, and Examples of Close Reading Close reading is a thoughtful, disciplined reading of a text. Also called close analysis and explication de texte. Though close reading is commonly associated with New Criticism (a movement that dominated literary studies in the U.S. from the 1930s to the 1970s), the method is ancient. It was advocated by the Roman rhetorician Quintilian in his Institutio Oratoria (c. 95 AD). Close reading remains a fundamental critical method practiced in diverse ways by a wide range of readers in different disciplines. (As discussed below, close reading is a skill thats encouraged by the new Common Core State Standards Initiative in the U.S.) One form of close reading is rhetorical analysis. Observations English studies is founded on the notion of close reading, and while there was a period in the late 1970s and early 1980s when this idea was frequently disparaged, it is undoubtedly true that nothing of any interest can happen in this subject without close reading.(Peter Barry, Beginning Theory: An Introduction to Literary and Cultural Theory, 2nd ed. Manchester University Press, 2002) Francine Prose on Close Reading We all begin as close readers. Even before we learn to read, the process of being read aloud to, and of listening, is one in which we are taking in one word after another, one phrase at a time, in which we are paying attention to whatever each word or phrase is transmitting. Word by word is how we learn to hear and then read, which seems only fitting, because it is how the books we are reading were written in the first place. The more we read, the faster we can perform that magic trick of seeing how the letters have been combined into words that have meaning. The more we read, the more we comprehend, the more likely we are to discover new ways to read, each one tailored to the reason why we are reading a particular book.(Francine Prose, Reading Like a Writer: A Guide for People Who Love Books and for Those Who Want to Write Them. HarperCollins, 2006) The New Criticism and Close Reading In its analyses, new criticism . . . focuses on phenomena such as multiple meaning, paradox, irony, word play, puns, or rhetorical figures, whichas the smallest distinguishable elements of a literary workform interdependent links with the overall context. A central term often used synonymously with new criticism is close reading. It denotes the meticulous analysis of these elementary features, which mirror larger structures of a text.(Mario Klarer, An Introduction to Literary Studies, 2nd ed. Routledge, 2004) The Aims of Close Reading [A] rhetorical text appears to hideto draw attention away fromits constitutive strategies and tactics. Consequently, close readers have to employ some mechanism for piercing the veil that covers the text so as to see how it works. . . . The principal object of close reading is to unpack the text. Close readers linger over words, verbal images, elements of style, sentences, argument patterns, and entire paragraphs and larger discursive units within the text to explore their significance on multiple levels.(James Jasinski, Sourcebook on Rhetoric: Key Concepts in Contemporary Rhetorical Studies. Sage, 2001) [I]n the traditional view, close reading does not aim to produce the meaning of the text, but rather to unearth all possible types of ambiguities and ironies.(Jan van Looy and Jan Baetens, Introduction: Close Reading Electronic Literature. Close Reading New Media: Analyzing Electronic Literature. Leuven University Press, 2003) What, really, does a critical close reader do that the average person on the street does not do? I argue that the close-reading critic reveals meanings that are shared but not universally and also meanings that are known but not articulated. The benefit of revealing such meanings is to teach or enlighten those who hear or read the critique. . . . The critics job is to uncover these meanings in such a way that people have an aha! moment in which they suddenly agree to the reading, the meanings the critic suggests suddenly come into focus. The standard of success for the close reader who is also a critic is therefore the enlightenment, insights, and agreement of those who hear or read what he or she has to say.(Barry Brummett, Techniques of Close Reading. Sage, 2010) Close Reading and the Common Core Chez Robinson, eighth-grade Language Arts teacher and part of the leadership team at Pomolita Middle School, says, Its a process; educators are still learning about it. . . . Close reading is one strategy being implemented for teaching students higher level thinking skills, focusing on depth rather than breadth. You take a piece of text, fiction or non-fiction, and you and your students examine it closely, she says. In the classroom, Robinson introduces the overall purpose of the reading assignment and then has students work independently and in partners and groups to share what they have learned. They circle words that are confusing or unknown, write out questions, use exclamation marks for ideas that surprise, underline key points. . . . Robinson uses examples from Langston Hughes work, especially rich in figurative language, and refers specifically to his poem, The Negro Speaks of Rivers. Together, she and her students investigate each line, each stanza, piece by piece, leading to deeper levels of understanding. She plays an interview with him, assigns a five-paragraph essay on the Harlem Renaissance. Its not that this hasnt been done before, she says, but Common Core is bringing a new focus to the strategies.(Karen Rifkin, Common Core: New Ideas for Teachingand for Learning. The Ukiah Daily Journal, May 10, 2014) The Fallacy in Close Reading There is a small but immitigable fallacy in the theory of close reading, . . . and it applies to political journalism as well as to the reading of poetry. The text doesn’t reveal its secrets just by being stared at. It reveals its secrets to those who already pretty much know what secrets they expect to find. Texts are always packed, by the reader’s prior knowledge and expectations, before they are unpacked. The teacher has already inserted into the hat the rabbit whose production in the classroom awes the undergraduates.(Louis Menand, Out of Bethlehem. The New Yorker, August 24, 2015)

Free Essays on Angel Island

Angel Island Angel Island is little far from San Francisco ¡Ã‚ ¦s Fisherman ¡Ã‚ ¦s Wharf. It is a pretty small island in comparison with the mainland, but the history corresponds to this small place is not less then that corresponds to the large mainland in any sense. The view of San Francisco bay from Angel Island is so pleasing and so beautiful. Everyone could see San Francisco city ¡Ã‚ ¦s building and Bay Bridge. The peace of the Island makes people feel so relax and so good too. This feeling, however, must have not been come up immigrants during the time that Angel Island was used as a Gateway to the United States. Compared with the size of Angel Island, the immigration center is in a very small area. It is located along the coast. The number of buildings and the size of barrack are small beyond my expectation, even though not all buildings have remained. Fortunately, volunteers in the museum provided a history tour, which introduced visitors the history of this island in details. The conductor took and showed us several rooms. These rooms are pretty small and just like prison, where all immigrants had to wait for long time until they were allowed to enter the United States mainland. It must have been very uncomfortable for anyone to stay in such a small room for uncountable days and nights while he or she would only have a dream, but not a promising future. I was especially shocked after visiting those so-called  ¡Ã‚ §bathrooms ¡Ã‚ ¨. The bathrooms do not have doors and keeps no privacy at all. All immigrants ¡Ã‚ ¦ lives were observed, not even when they were in the bathroom. They were forced to stay in those rough barracks, and treated, as they were criminals. I could imagine there were so many of them, who have broken their heart in this small island, although they came to the United States with great dreams. They craved a lot of poems on the wall, displaying to every visitor how depressing, how frustrated, and how worrying they were a... Free Essays on Angel Island Free Essays on Angel Island Angel Island Angel Island is little far from San Francisco ¡Ã‚ ¦s Fisherman ¡Ã‚ ¦s Wharf. It is a pretty small island in comparison with the mainland, but the history corresponds to this small place is not less then that corresponds to the large mainland in any sense. The view of San Francisco bay from Angel Island is so pleasing and so beautiful. Everyone could see San Francisco city ¡Ã‚ ¦s building and Bay Bridge. The peace of the Island makes people feel so relax and so good too. This feeling, however, must have not been come up immigrants during the time that Angel Island was used as a Gateway to the United States. Compared with the size of Angel Island, the immigration center is in a very small area. It is located along the coast. The number of buildings and the size of barrack are small beyond my expectation, even though not all buildings have remained. Fortunately, volunteers in the museum provided a history tour, which introduced visitors the history of this island in details. The conductor took and showed us several rooms. These rooms are pretty small and just like prison, where all immigrants had to wait for long time until they were allowed to enter the United States mainland. It must have been very uncomfortable for anyone to stay in such a small room for uncountable days and nights while he or she would only have a dream, but not a promising future. I was especially shocked after visiting those so-called  ¡Ã‚ §bathrooms ¡Ã‚ ¨. The bathrooms do not have doors and keeps no privacy at all. All immigrants ¡Ã‚ ¦ lives were observed, not even when they were in the bathroom. They were forced to stay in those rough barracks, and treated, as they were criminals. I could imagine there were so many of them, who have broken their heart in this small island, although they came to the United States with great dreams. They craved a lot of poems on the wall, displaying to every visitor how depressing, how frustrated, and how worrying they were a...

In what ways do colonialist ideas continue to influence contemporary Essay - 1

In what ways do colonialist ideas continue to influence contemporary culture Describe with reference to fashion, literature, fi - Essay Example In the modern world, both colonialism and imperialism are practiced indirectly in various nations across the world. Nations with political and economic superiority across the world, such as the US and other European nations, exercise direct and indirect global control. The dominant powerful nations are using grounds, such as art, film, literature, and fashion to ensure a constant global expansion of their dominance. Often, imperialism is justified as a means of bringing people the blessings of a superior and modern way of life or of liberating them from tyrannical rule. The act results from a variety of causes including economic pressures, greed, human aggressiveness, search for security, prestige, search for power, humanitarianism, national emotions and many other factors. These motivating factors make it difficult to eradicate imperialism. However, they are also very beneficial especially for nations susceptible to victimization because they make it easy for them to suspect policie s that might turn out to be imperialistic (Sartre, 2001). For example, some states in the Third World have accused former colonial masters and other powerful nations of neocolonialism. The post-colonial theory clearly explains the modern spread of colonial ideas in various forms. Post-colonial theory involves the study of interactions between colonialist nations and the societies that they colonized (Gandhi, 1988). The theory examines the effects of the domination and colonization of non-European people, land, and cultures. The key concepts in this theory include history of colonialism and representation, and identity of modern cultures and other practices (Gandhi, 1988). Majority of studies have shown that Western traditions and cultural practices especially regarding thought, music, fashion, and literature dominate the global culture. Non-Western traditions, cultural practices, and other forms of expression are widely excluded and marginalized in modern practices. This field of po st-colonial studies was greatly influenced by a Palestinian literary critic named Said. Through his popular piece of work known as Orientalism, Said sought to depict how Middle Eastern and African Arab people and their cultures were represented as the exact opposite of occidental and Western cultures (Said, 2003). Orientalism is a reflection of the Western style in restructuring, dominating, and acquiring total control over the East (Celik, 1996). In his literary piece, Said argued that the modern orient representations impose colonial dominations by implying that oriental cultural practices are inferior in relation to Western cultures. The Western culture is brought out as a culture with a rich history, with morally superior and virtuous practices. On the other hand, the oriental culture or third world practices have its history imposed on it by powerful facets with possessive and submissive practices. In addition, the oriental culture is brought out as strange, lazy, and weak and one that promotes immoral and unequal practices (Said, 2003). According to Said’s argument, the Western superior nations are making every effort possible to make the colonized people admit that their culture is inferior, unrealistic and imperfect in character (Said, 2003). The colonizers promote their history, language,

Statement of purpose in Leadership to Catholic University Personal

Of purpose in Leadership to Catholic University - Personal Statement Example In a class, I usually taught 20 students. Since then, I have spent three years teaching children whose ages were between 4-5 years old. I consider myself lucky to have found a job where I could practice what I had learned in college. As a teacher, I manifest my leadership abilities everyday by guiding my students in their in-class activities. Teaching pre-school children is both a very rewarding and demanding job. As many people know, children at the pre-school age are difficult to manage. It is an age where they are curious about everything around them. It is also the age where their personalities and characters are molded. When I was working, I managed to deal with all kind of children, and even some who have difficulties in speaking and very active children. Communication was also an important factor when I was a teacher. I loved exchanging ideas with my students, their mothers and their close relatives often on a daily basis. This way I could take note of what needed to be improved or kept to make my students progress even more. I also talked freely with my director about my ways and skills in teaching and managing my classes. I appreciated the input my director would give me about my performance. I am a very organized person so I always like to manage and improve myself. This trait proved to be in my favor because our school principal always complemented my good work and this built my confidence in my abilities. I chose to be a teacher for pre-school children because I enjoy studying about childhood and teaching. I found it interesting to work with kids at this age. As their teacher, I had to be patient yet firm with them at all times. I also had to be able to look beyond their tantrums, understand what they really needed and give this to them if I could. I feel that I have the ability to teach and lead students. I have a calm personality and I truly understand my students’ needs. Also, I hope this career will prepare me in

Asses the Contribution of Functionalism to Our Understanding Essay Example for Free

Asses the Contribution of Functionalism to Our Understanding Essay Functionalist views are based on that society is a system of interdependent parts held together by a shared culture or consensus. They believe that every part of society performs functions that help keep society running effectively. They use the example of a body to explain the way society runs as each part of our body has to work together in order for us to stay alive this is the same as society according to a functionalist. Education according to Emilie Durkheim (1903) consists of two main functions, creating social solidarity and teaching specialist skills. Social solidarity is the sense of being part of a group or society. Functionalists believe this is key to making education run accordingly as without social solidarity people would only self indulge in their own desires. Education helps to create social solidarity as it helps transmit societies culture, beliefs and values from ‘generation to generation‘keeping society running correspondingly. Schools also act in preparing children for society in real life by teaching the concepts of working together with people you do not always no. his links with working as in work you have to work coherently with people who you will not know. Specialist skills are having the necessary skills to perform their role in education to the ‘bride way’ towards working life. Education helps children prepare for this through teaching children in different a range of subjects which they will then come to specialise in the subjects they are good in which will in turn help them earn mon ey in society in later life. Education also according to functionalists gives all children an equal opportunity to develop on their own individual talents also known as meritocracy which is achieving through your own effort. Davis and Moore (1945) argue that education sorts children into their future educational roles by sorting their ‘aptitudes’ and ‘abilities’ which also links to social solidarity as to do certain jobs you need the necessary qualification and experience. However there are criticisms of functionalists and education. Melvin Tumin (1953) put forward a circular argument and criticises David and Moore by putting forward such questions as ‘how do we know what job is more important? ’ answer ‘because it’s highly Rewarded’ and why are some jobs higher rewarded than others? ’ answer ‘because they are more important’. Marxists believe that society only transmits the ideology of the ruling class therefore it disadvantages the working classes in education. One example is that Marxists prepare the working class for there jobs through education therefore it is only transmitting values of the ruling class. Also Marxists believe that the state is controlled by the ruling classes who transmit the ideology state apparatus which is that it maintains control through controlling people’s ideas, values and beliefs through religion, mass media and the education system. This criticises the functionalist view as social solidarity is meant to transmit these values and beliefs which according to Marxists are only means to control the working class. Meritocracy according to Marxists is a myth as we are controlled by the higher classes and we cannot achieve our status we ascribe our status. Another big criticism of functionalism in education is that functionalists believe that everybody at school behaves and accepts all that is taught when this is not the true case. It does not explain why some people come to fail examinations if everybody works in a general ‘consensus’. Dennis Wrong (1961) refers to this as ‘puppets in society’. The new right believe that the state fails to prepare the young for work as the state discourages choice and competition. Another disadvantage is that functionalists cannot explain under-achievement and inequality of opportunity in education. In conclusion Functionalism has a good general understanding of Education but it has quite obvious flaws as not everybody is going to get on in society so it is impossible to have a general consensus. Also the disadvantages of Functionalism in education seem to out weigh the positives therefore functionalism does not give a real positive understanding of education.

On the Virtues of Private Property in Locke and Rousseau Essay

On the Virtues of Private Property in Locke and Rousseau John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau, following their predecessor Thomas Hobbes, both attempt to explain the development and dissolution of society and government. They begin, as Hobbes did, by defining the â€Å"state of nature†Ã¢â‚¬â€a time before man found rational thought. In the Second Treatise[1] and the Discourse on Inequality[2], Locke and Rousseau, respectively, put forward very interesting and different accounts of the state of nature and the evolution of man, but the most astonishing difference between the two is their conceptions of property. Both correctly recognize the origin of property to be grounded in man’s natural desire to improve his life, but they differ in their description of the result of such a desire. Locke sees the need and purpose of society to protect property as something sacred to mankind, while Rousseau sees property as the cause of the corruption and eventual downfall of society. Although Rousseau raises interesting and appl icable observations, Locke’s argument triumphs because he successfully shows the positive and essential effect of property on man. In order to examine either philosopher’s views on property and its origins, it is necessary to go back to the beginning of human development, as it were, and discuss their different conceptions of the state of nature. As opposed to Hobbes whose vision of the state of nature was a state of war, Locke’s state of nature is a time of peace and stability. â€Å"We must consider what State all Men are naturally in, and that is, a State of perfect Freedom†¦A State also of Equality, wherein all the Power and Jurisdiction is reciprocal, no one having more than another.† (Locke, Second Tre... ... we have can never be a negative. However, Rousseau’s vision of ambition being the downfall of society is flawed. Individuals may be corrupted and may fall, but innovation improves greater society more than it hurts it. Locke successfully argued this, and is further shown to be on the mark by how much his vision resembles our present day society in comparison to Rousseau’s predictions. [1] Locke, John. The Second Treatise. Ed. Peter Laslett. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 1988. [2] Rousseau, Jean Jacque. Discourse on Inequality. Ed. Victor Gourevitch. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 1997. [3] All text citations for Second Treatise will be given in the format of â€Å"chapter.paragraph†. [4] All text citations for Discourse on Inequality (also called the Second Discourse) will be given in the format of â€Å"part.paragraph†. On the Virtues of Private Property in Locke and Rousseau Essay On the Virtues of Private Property in Locke and Rousseau John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau, following their predecessor Thomas Hobbes, both attempt to explain the development and dissolution of society and government. They begin, as Hobbes did, by defining the â€Å"state of nature†Ã¢â‚¬â€a time before man found rational thought. In the Second Treatise[1] and the Discourse on Inequality[2], Locke and Rousseau, respectively, put forward very interesting and different accounts of the state of nature and the evolution of man, but the most astonishing difference between the two is their conceptions of property. Both correctly recognize the origin of property to be grounded in man’s natural desire to improve his life, but they differ in their description of the result of such a desire. Locke sees the need and purpose of society to protect property as something sacred to mankind, while Rousseau sees property as the cause of the corruption and eventual downfall of society. Although Rousseau raises interesting and appl icable observations, Locke’s argument triumphs because he successfully shows the positive and essential effect of property on man. In order to examine either philosopher’s views on property and its origins, it is necessary to go back to the beginning of human development, as it were, and discuss their different conceptions of the state of nature. As opposed to Hobbes whose vision of the state of nature was a state of war, Locke’s state of nature is a time of peace and stability. â€Å"We must consider what State all Men are naturally in, and that is, a State of perfect Freedom†¦A State also of Equality, wherein all the Power and Jurisdiction is reciprocal, no one having more than another.† (Locke, Second Tre... ... we have can never be a negative. However, Rousseau’s vision of ambition being the downfall of society is flawed. Individuals may be corrupted and may fall, but innovation improves greater society more than it hurts it. Locke successfully argued this, and is further shown to be on the mark by how much his vision resembles our present day society in comparison to Rousseau’s predictions. [1] Locke, John. The Second Treatise. Ed. Peter Laslett. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 1988. [2] Rousseau, Jean Jacque. Discourse on Inequality. Ed. Victor Gourevitch. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 1997. [3] All text citations for Second Treatise will be given in the format of â€Å"chapter.paragraph†. [4] All text citations for Discourse on Inequality (also called the Second Discourse) will be given in the format of â€Å"part.paragraph†.

Ralph Lauren Strategic and Operational Plans Analysis Essay

Ralph Lauren Corporation Mission and Vision: â€Å"Mission- to ‘redefine American style, provide quality products, create worlds and invite people to take part in our dreams’. Vision- ‘to represent American style with a dash of British elegance and the comfort of natural fibers† (Ralph Lauren, 2013). The purpose of this analysis is to identify strategic and operational plans based upon current SWOT analysis, to include explanations and courses of action to achieve the related organization goals and the internal and external effects of our decisions to stakeholders. Ralph Lauren Corporation a Fortune 500 company headquartered in New York, NY is a leader in the design, marketing and distribution of premium lifestyle products in four categories: apparel, home, accessories and fragrances. For more than 45 years, Ralph Lauren’s reputation and distinctive image have been consistently developed across an expanding number of products, brands and international markets. (Enel SpA, 2013) Enel Group is responsible for the production and development of energy at a globally, with a vast majority of operations Europe and the Americas. The Enel Group produced over 29 billion kilowatts in 2013 from sun, the Earth’s heat and water enough to supply the energy needs of more than 10 million dwellings as well restrict the emission of over 20 million tons of CO2 in the environment. Enel Green Power is a world leader in the market thanks to its well-balanced product mix, providing volumes of energy well over the sector average. Enel Group has an installed capacity of 8,900 megawatts from a mix of sources including wind, solar, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biomass. (Alina-Florentina, C. 2011) Enel Group has 750 plants operating in 16 countries in Europe and the Americas. Strategic Plan: The strategic plan is geared toward generating cash flow in mature markets: In the current economic atmosphere, which is difficult, the strategic plan is designed to cut budget costs as well as increase efficiency. The Enel Group’s strategic plan, calls for a reduction in expenses of about 4 billion euros (based on 2013 controllable costs) for the 2013-2017 time frame. There mature markets are located primarily in Italy and Spain sectors. The strategic plan also provides for investment of 11 billion euros in other sectors of operation. Investments in assets will be reduced from 5.3 billion euros under the previous plan to 4.6 billion under the current strategic plan. Investment distribution assets will grow to 6.7 billion euros under the current strategic plan from around 6.2 billion euros under the previous plan. (Mills, Wiser, Porter 2009) The new strategic plan will see a 2.7 percent increase the cumulative capital expenditure compared to the previous 2013-2017 plan. Basically, the investment in research and development budget will increase to around 9.4 billion under the current strategic plan in comparison to 8.7 billion euros under the previous strategic plan. Installed capacity will rise from 38 gig watts in 2012 to 43 gig watts in the year 2017. (Alina-Florentina, C., 2011) During the implementation phase of the strategic plan period, the Enel Group expects to implement a structure simplification that will fuel minorities’ buy-out operations, when complete will increase the net income ownership at the Parent Company level from 65% in 2013 to 78% in 2017. Operational Plan: Ralph Lauren tries to uphold a very positive company culture and keep employees happy so they will stay long term. They like to promote from within and have many cases of employees starting at the bottom and working their way up to upper management. They not only offer pregnancy leave, but 3 months of parental leave as well for either parent whether having a child or adopting. They offer longer than average vacation time as well as many travel opportunities, and promotions to different locations within the company. It has been reported that although the salary is low with long hours and a highly stressful job, employees are given many rewards. Ralph Lauren offers its employees different rewards such as bonuses for attendance, employee discounts, and stock options. References Ralph Lauren Corporation SWOT Analysis. (2013). Polo Ralph Lauren Corporation SWOT Analysis, 1-8.

Jonas Salk

Jonas Salk was born on October 20, 1914 in New York City to Russian-Jewish immigrants. As the first member of his family to attend college, he developed a fascination with the flu virus and sought a way to eliminate its ability to infect people with influenza. After accepting an appointment in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, he began working with the National Foundation for Infantile paralysis and there began work on polio, the cure for which Jonas Salk would be known forever. In 1950, children throughout the United States were stricken with polio, or poliomyelitis. Those children who did not die from the disease were left crippled. In some cases, adults contracted polio as well. One of the most famous examples was president Franklin Delano Roosevelt, who was left in a wheelchair after a bout with the disease. Salk created a polio vaccine from a dead polio virus, which lost the ability to infect once it was killed. It did, however, retain the ability to immunize any who were injected with the â€Å"dead† form of the virus. Later, other work was performed in order to create a â€Å"live† vaccine that could be given orally (Salk’s vaccine had to be injected). The administration of this â€Å"live† vaccine failed, and Salk’s was used from that point on. Salk could have patented the vaccine and become a rich man; rather, he refused to do so in order to get the vaccine out to those who needed it quickly. Jonas Salk’s polio vaccine has completely eliminated the disease – provided the vaccine is given. After his success with polio, Salk created the Jonas Salk Institute for Biological Studies and not only continued his research, but wrote many books as well. He passed away on June 23, 1995 at the age of 80.

Free Essays on Thucydides

Thucydides "The absence of romance from my history will, I fear, detract somewhat from its interest; but if it be judged useful by those inquirers who desire an exact knowledge of the past as an aid to the interpretation of the future, which in the course of human things must resemble if it does not reflect it, I shall be content. In fine, I have written my work, not as an essay which is to win the applause of the moment, but as a possession for all time" - Thucydides, The Peloponnesian War [Book I, 22]. Thucydides is considered by some scholars to be the Father of Modern History. Thucydides non-fiction approach to history and his love of exact facts have given him this name. In his book History, Thucydides relates the facts of the Peloponnesian War with as much fact and truth as possible, unlike his contemporaries who used second hand word of mouth and myths to relate their details. For this reason Thucydides is considered one the first true historians. Thucydides was born some where between 470BC and 460BC. Thucydides was the son of Olorus or Orolus and Hegesipyle and was from the Deme of Halimus. His family was wealthy, owning property of gold mines in Scapte Hyle on the Thoracian coast opposite of Thasos. Some scholars speculate that he may have been related to a Thoracian Prince whose daughter gave birth to famous Athenian statesman Cimon (also their graves are located fairly close to each other’s). Little of Thucydides education is known most of it being speculation. But he allegedly studied oratory under Antiphon and under Anaxagoras, philosophy. He probably studied under the Sophists movement as well. He knew a fair amount of the past accounts of Greek history and their authors. During the Athenian epidemic of 430-427BC, Thucydides fell to the plague but was among the few who recovered and survived. In 427BC Thucydides became a general in the Peloponnesian War and fought in Chalcidice. â€Å"Thucydides (the one ï ¿ ½... Free Essays on Thucydides Free Essays on Thucydides Thucydides "The absence of romance from my history will, I fear, detract somewhat from its interest; but if it be judged useful by those inquirers who desire an exact knowledge of the past as an aid to the interpretation of the future, which in the course of human things must resemble if it does not reflect it, I shall be content. In fine, I have written my work, not as an essay which is to win the applause of the moment, but as a possession for all time" - Thucydides, The Peloponnesian War [Book I, 22]. Thucydides is considered by some scholars to be the Father of Modern History. Thucydides non-fiction approach to history and his love of exact facts have given him this name. In his book History, Thucydides relates the facts of the Peloponnesian War with as much fact and truth as possible, unlike his contemporaries who used second hand word of mouth and myths to relate their details. For this reason Thucydides is considered one the first true historians. Thucydides was born some where between 470BC and 460BC. Thucydides was the son of Olorus or Orolus and Hegesipyle and was from the Deme of Halimus. His family was wealthy, owning property of gold mines in Scapte Hyle on the Thoracian coast opposite of Thasos. Some scholars speculate that he may have been related to a Thoracian Prince whose daughter gave birth to famous Athenian statesman Cimon (also their graves are located fairly close to each other’s). Little of Thucydides education is known most of it being speculation. But he allegedly studied oratory under Antiphon and under Anaxagoras, philosophy. He probably studied under the Sophists movement as well. He knew a fair amount of the past accounts of Greek history and their authors. During the Athenian epidemic of 430-427BC, Thucydides fell to the plague but was among the few who recovered and survived. In 427BC Thucydides became a general in the Peloponnesian War and fought in Chalcidice. â€Å"Thucydides (the one ï ¿ ½...

Joi

Joi Vaneet Randhawa AP Literature Period Five 04/01/02 Romantic Period 623-637, 640, 645-646, 656, 674, 710, 726-729, 745 THE ROMANTIC PERIOD pages 623-637 1. In the spring of 1798 Samuel Taylor Coleridge and another poet sold their poems to raise money for a trip to Germany in which they would write an anonymous book together 2. Upon leaving England, their book, Lyrical Ballads, with a Few Other Poems showed up, coming around to being one of the most important poems in English literature 3. This thus began the "Romantic period" in England.Turbulent Times, Bitter Realities 4. The Romantic Period began with the French Revolution in 1789 and six major poets - William Blake, William Wordsworth, Samuel Coleridge, Percy Shelley, John Keats, and George Gordon, Lord Byron - and ended with the Parliamentary reforms of 1832 that laid the political foundations for modern Britain.5. This era included the age of revolution in Europe as America began its age of freedom in 1776 6.Samuel Taylor Colerid geThe revolutions taking place in England and France tremendously affected England as well 7. Democratic idealists and liberals were excited by the events in France, viewing the "new regime" as if it were a tourist attraction 8. When the "September massacre" took place in 1792 in France, even the greatest idealists and liberals became disillusioned 9. Alongside all this turmoil, the French government also changed roles, with Napoleon Bonaparte as the new emperor of France 10. Upon seeing all of this, England declared war on Napoleon and defeated him in 1815, sending Napoleon's navy home at Waterloo.11. The conservatives in England felt like heroes, while the liberals felt betrayed, like Waterloo was simply the defeat of one despot by another The Tyranny of Laissez Faire 12. The industrial revolution then took place, producing factories, thus increasing...

Sensation and Preception Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Sensation and Preception - Essay Example Driving is another instance where sensation and perception is vital to our well-being. Determining our distance in relation to a structure, or another vehicle, is particularly important for our safety, and the safety of others with whom we share the road. These are two instances, in which these processes are necessary to ensure our survival during our normal, everyday lives. During the viewing of this video, my perception of sensory stimuli was noticeably changed on numerous occasions. The most notable of these, was the screen that appeared to be a darker shade of gray on the left half. This was most intriguing, because when the sensory stimuli was altered by simply covering the center boundary, the only area in which a difference in shade was actually present, both halves of the screen were proven to be identical in color. In retrospect, even though one is aware of there being no actual difference, aside from the center boundary, we still get the sensation that there is a slight dif ference in brightness or color. This phenomenon, referred to as subjective contours, is explained as the brain’s tendency to detect a slight difference in the sensory stimuli, in this case the slight color variation, and to over-extend that variation, therefore registering a pattern that does not exist.

Politics in South East Asia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Politics in South East Asia - Essay Example Lastly, it is also crucial that the geo strategic essentials of the cold war are put into careful consideration. For instance, it was the colonial rule that led to the establishment of territorial boundaries and the institutions in the South East Asian countries. More over, the nationalism that later developed was responsible for the rising of new political discourse in the countries. What’s more, the advent of the cold war was important in that it helped to determine the nature of authority in the post colonial South East Asian countries. The bottom-line is that authoritarian regimes are common and widespread in South East Asia. Still, some countries are democratic. According to Hub pages, the region has for a long time struggled between military strength and democratic civilian leadership. Dictatorships were the norm for most of the countries and in some cases such as Burma, the authoritarianism still prevails to date. (2008) Cambodia is considered to be a successor state of the once powerful Hindu and Buddhist Khmer empire of the 11th and 14th century that ruled a huge part of the Indochinese Peninsula. In 1857, Cambodia became a French protectorate up until 1953. The French administered Cambodia as part of the colony of French Indochina. However, at some point between 1941 and 1945 Cambodia had been occupied by the Japanese. In November 9 1953, Cambodia became a constitutional monarchy under king Norodom Sihanouk after gaining their independence from the French.