Hinduism, Buddhism, And Sikhism - 2021 Words

Those who are raised within one religious tradition may find it difficult to understand the traditions of another religion. It is not until one is educated in the basics of the other major world religions, that it is possible to see the many similarities between them. Just as there are many similarities between the countries culturally, the major religions share more things than they are different. In viewing Hinduism, Buddhism, and Sikhism with an open mind, it is easy to see the differences, similarities and ideals that make these religions as widespread as they are. Hinduism is one of the most diverse religions still practiced today. They are an adaptive religion, often taking in the local Gods of its followers, leading to many branches of the religion that occur much like dialects within a language. Although it is difficult to catalog all of the Hindu Gods and Goddesses, there is estimated to be over 300 million of them. It is common for people unfamiliar with the religion to generalize all those living on the Indian subcontinent as â€Å"Hindu†, since they are usually not aware of the many religions that are practiced in India, and how similar they can be. This generalization can trace its roots back to imperial British rule of the country. In an attempt to offer their colony representation in Parliament, a census was taken of the colony to offer representation based on religion. The census did not allow for the diversity of belief that occurs under the HinduShow MoreRelatedHinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism1904 Words   |à ‚  8 Pages Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism Simon Osorio Stanbridge College HUM 1020 (ITT/ITS) Daniel Else March 25, 2013 Assignment #1 Hinduism, Buddhism Jainism, and Sikhism are all Eastern religions with similar philosophical beliefs. In Hinduism you embrace a great diversity of different beliefs, a fact that can be easy confusing to western religions which are accustomed to creeds, confessions, and carefully-worded beliefs of statements. In Hinduism you can believe a wide variety of thingsRead MoreThe Founding And Spread Of Buddhism, Hinduism, Confucianism, And Hinduism1671 Words   |  7 Pageseach other. When analyzing the founding and spread of Buddhism, Sikhism, Confucianism, and Hinduism, it is evident that although there are many distinguishing differences between the four religions, there are multiple similarities that link them all with each other. The word Buddhism is derived from the word â€Å"budhi†, to awaken, so it makes sense that the creation of the religion begins with its founder’s awakening. It is said that Buddhism started in the 6th century due to the actions of its founderRead MoreEastern Religion Philosophy of Care1740 Words   |  7 Pagesplace free of suffering, according to Buddhism). The Eastern religions and philosophies all give varying accounts of karma, samsara, moksha, and nirvana.This paper will examine Sikhism, Buddhism, and Hinduism, analyze their belief systems, and show how they compare and contrast with one another and with Christianity. Sikhism Sikhism was founded at the beginning of the 16th century in Punjab by Guru Nanak. His philosophy was similar to that of Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism. Nanak observed the wayRead MoreTypes Of Indian Religions : Indian Religion916 Words   |  4 Pagesknown Indian religion is Hinduism. However, there are other religions, which no one has heard of such as, Sikhism, Jainism and Buddhism. Most people assume that just because your Indian you have to be Hindu but that’s not necessarily true. Although, these religions come from the same Indian culture they have different views and beliefs. For instance, Sikhism is the newest Indian religion. The religion was created back in 1500 A.D. The founder’s name was Guru Nanak Dev Ji. Sikhism religion follows theRead MoreKarma Essay1422 Words   |  6 PagesKarma Essay: Sikhism, Hinduism, and Buddhism Have you ever heard someone say â€Å"what goes around comes around?† Many religions believe in Karma. Karma means a deed or an act. The three major religions that believe in Karma are Sikhism, Hinduism, and Buddhism. These three religions share somewhat the same views and beliefs on Karma. These three religions believe that human beings spend their time in a cycle of birth, life, and rebirth. Every mainstream religion teaches us about the consequences of ourRead MoreSimilarities Between Hinduism And Buddhism942 Words   |  4 PagesCCOT Essay Hinduism and Buddhism were both founded and popular in northern India by 600 CE. Although Hinduism and the Hindu caste system maintained a strong influence in South Asia throughout 600-1750 CE, the Hindu majority eventually gave way as Buddhism, Islam, Christianity, and syncretic faiths gradually moved in and across the Indian Ocean basin by 1750 CE. Even then, Hinduism did spread from northern India through southern India to Southeast Asia. The caste system was maintained from 600-1750Read MoreEssay on Indian Culture1467 Words   |  6 Pagesthat started in India. The two most well known religions are Hinduism and Buddhism. The other religions include Jainism and Sikhism, while Christianity and Islam are also practiced in India. The graph below shows the dispersion of religion in India14: Your browser may not support display of this image. The majority of people in India are Hindus as they make up 80.5% of the population, whereas Islam is in second with 13.4%. Hinduism is considered to be one of the oldest religions and the onlyRead MoreChina And The Golden Age1540 Words   |  7 Pagesand the Golden Age. Such prosperous times for Asian states and empires are to be accredited to the notable networking in Asia at this time period. People who utilized the establishment of fundamental institutions such as the religions of Islam and Buddhism and various modes of trading and traveling were able to facilitate the diffusion of ideas and cultures therefore indirectly contributing to the overall connection of Asian states and empires during 500-1500 CE. As a general observation, Asian civilizationsRead MoreBuddhism, Hinduism, And Hinduism1817 Words   |  8 Pagespracticed today. Most of these religions are based off the belief in a god, or have a moral code that they need to follow in order to appease their god or achieve salvation in the afterlife. Three religions that will be highlighted here are Buddhism, Sikhism, and Hinduism. In each of these three religions, they all share some religious tenets, or beliefs, that is universally accepted amongst all religions around the world and throughout history. Some of these tenets include the belief in a god or a SupremeRead MoreIs India A Country Of Ethnic Religious And Linguistic Pluralism Par Excellence?1364 Words   |  6 Pagesreligions in India, Vedism and Hinduism could be considered the beginning of religious diversity in the subcontinent. Although Hinduism is regarded as the oldest religion in the world, Vedism is the oldest stratum of religious activity in India. It takes its name from the collections of sacred texts known as the Vedas. The Rigveda, known as the earliest text of the collection, is composed of 1,028 hymns and 10,600 verses in Sanskrit. The vedic religion evolved into Hinduism later on which is a federations

A Modest Proposal Summary - 1153 Words

1. The implied thesis of Swift’s â€Å"A Modest Proposal is that 18th century Ireland would be in a better situation if the Irish society and monarchy actually treated problems such as overpopulation and poverty, While the overt thesis is that Irish people should consider eating their children and selling them to rich Englishmen to solve the issue of poverty and overpopulation in the country. They differ form one another as one focuses on eating children, while the other focuses on giving commentary through the essay itself. 2. The primary aim for the narrator is to suggest a reflection on how the Irish are treating the problems happening within their country through satirical writing. The narrator states that, â€Å"Infant’s flesh will be in†¦show more content†¦4. The â€Å"very knowing American† is added to further drive the point that this work is satirical. At the time this was written America was going through very difficult time while under British control, and talk of a revolution had started to begin. America in some aspects was in a similar position Ireland was at the time – so by saying â€Å"I have been assured by a very knowing American of my acquaintance that a young healthy child well nursed is at a year old the most delicious, nourishing, and wholesome food.† (Swift) This boosts the satirical nature, as you should never take advice about getting out of a situation from someone still going through the same exact situation. 5. The appropriate response to this essay would be the reader reflecting on the point of the essay, but instead of reflection, it more than likely received massive disapproval. The ides themselves are not only morally and ethically wrong, but nonsensical. The concept of eating another human would destroy what separates us from wild animals. So, it would make sense that the Irish may have been mad. Due to theShow MoreRelatedSummary Of A Modest Proposal 1304 Words   |  6 Pageseconomical problems such as poverty and overpopulation. Throughout Swifts writing we are able to recognize many things such as his purpose for writing â€Å"A Modest Proposal† and how it’s achieved, the form of emotional and logical appeal he uses to draw in his readers, along with his strongest and weakest elements in his text. Although Swift proposes his modest idea of selling children into the meat market, that is not his real solution, it is simply an idea that he proposes to get his point across that ifRead MoreA Modest Proposal Summary1767 Words   |  8 Pages1.The implied thesis of Swift’s â€Å"A Modest Proposal is that 18th century Ireland would be in a better situation if the Irish society and monarchy actually treated problems such as overpopulation and poverty, While the overt thesis is that Irish people should consider eating their children and selling them to rich Englishmen to solve the issue of poverty and overpopulation in the country. They differ from one another as one focuses on eating children, while the other focuses on giving commentary throughRead MoreSummary Of Gullivers Travels And A Modest Proposal1450 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of Gullivers Travels and A Modest Proposal: Satire Authors often use satire to ridicule peoples behaviors or societys institutions, with hopes of bringing social change. One of the most influential satirical authors of all time is Jonathan Swift, who uses these techniques so effectively, that he has been called â€Å"the greatest satirist in the English Language† (Holt 620). Swift’s use of satire to address controversial concerns is one of the reasons this story is still relevant and analyzedRead MoreSummary Of Jonathan Swifts A Modest Proposal918 Words   |  4 Pagesthese people was a man named Jonathan Swift. In his essay â€Å"A Modest Proposal† Swift challenges the status quo of the time and place in which it was written by proposing that they eat the children of the poor, ending the hate between the Protestants and the Catholics, and suggesting that the landowners have mercy towards their tenants. In his essay, Swift first suggests that the population of Ireland eat the children of the poor. This proposal would shock anyone, but it was definitely something that wasRead MoreJonathan Swifts A Modest Proposal949 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"A Modest Proposal† by Jonathan Swift takes place in Dublin Ireland in the 18th century. The narrator is a very ironic character. His â€Å"modest† proposal is anything but modest. This short story takes place during a famine. Since there was a famine, Swift proposes the idea that people sell their one year old children to the rich so they would not be a burden to their family. One important way in which the author engages the audience’s attention and tries to help his readers see deeper politicalRead MoreAnalysis Of Jonathan Swifts A Modest Proposal806 Words   |  4 Pages A Modest Proposal was written in Ireland in 1729 by Jonathan Swift. Swift wrote many satires in this time period, he was not popular due to these. This time period was known as â€Å"The Age of Reason.†(A Modest Proposal) During this time many of the people from Ireland were Roman Catholic. Jobs that were available to them were; agricultural laborers and tenant farmers. â€Å"Landlords or landowners were paid for the crops that were harvested on their land. Workers that harvested these crops were very poorRead MoreOutline: a Modest Proposal Essay1044 Words   |  5 PagesOutline: A Modest Proposal I. Introduction A. Audience Participation 1. How many of you see poverty and hunger as a problem in the world? How many of you think that you cannot possibly help solve this problem? B. Introduce self and topic 1. According to an article written by Jason M. Breslow, as of 2011, children had the highest poverty level with over 16 million children living in poverty. That is just in the United States. Imagine the number of children living in poverty in the entire worldRead MoreMbg2251264 Words   |  6 PagesMGB225 Intercultural Communication amp; Negotiation Skills Assessment I: Research Report European Negotiations Southern Candles Tour De France Executive Summary 1.0 Introduction The prevalence of internationalisation and globalisation of businesses in the twenty-first century has reiterated the importance of effective cross-cultural communication to achieve any level of progress or success. Culture is defined by Geert Hofstede, as the collective programming ofRead MoreA Modest Proposal, to Save the Country’s Image: Examining the Oppression Toward the Irish Poor2071 Words   |  9 PagesA Modest Proposal, to save the country’s image: Examining the oppression toward the Irish poor A Modest Proposal: For Preventing the Children of Poor People in Ireland from Being a Burden to Their Parents or Country, and for Making Them Beneficial to the Public was published in 1729 by Jonathan Swift. It was published during an economic crisis and a period where the English developed a great dissatisfaction toward the Irish. The Irish were facing a devastating economic crisis during the 1700sRead MoreMarketing Plan For Sms789 Words   |  4 PagesExecutive Summary We are well-known to be a result -focused company that undertook the toughest project in the area. We will be glad to work with you in supporting the development and launch of your new software. Our expertise in market growth will ensure that SMS make a successful and profitable entry in the data analysis industry. The consulting project aims: †¢ Examine the market with a survey to quantify the market potential, and identify important sellable features for SMS’s product †¢ Based

Harper Lee To Kill A Mockingbird Essay Example For Students

Harper Lee To Kill A Mockingbird Essay Individually, people can be decent and kind; however, in a mob, people can be judgmental and cruel. In the classic by Harper Lee, To Kill a Mockingbird, several mob scenes portray the cruelty carried in numbers, but also exhibits that that any one person within that mob can have the strength to overcome the crowd and have the will to speak out. In two specific mobs, one of the Cunnighams proves to have the scruples to say what they believe deeply believe is right. The first mob situation occurred just outside of the city jailhouse. Here, the drunken group came with he intent of seizing and killing the accused felon. The crowd discarded individual convictions, and affiliated themselves with societys â€Å"band-wagon. † Yet within this oblivious hoard, one man had the audacity to prevent the attempted murder- Mr. Cunningham. It took a few small but significant words from Scout to convert Cunninghamss way of thinking to a more normal fashion. â€Å"Lets clear out† was all it took form Cunningham to remove the men, and go home. Similarly in the courtroom, another moral dilemma arose: this time within the jury. Once more, a group of twelve men came with an intent of charging Tom Robinson guilty. No where did it say the bias jury initially had a guilty verdict in mind, but with the attitude towards blacks in Maycomb County, Lee made it bluntly obvious that they had no intention of pronouncing Tom innocent. In the book Atticus made it very clear, â€Å"In our courts, when its a white mans word against a black mans, the white man always wins. † Just as in the horde outside the jailhouse, another member of the Cunningham family played the outsider of this group. Atticus later referred to the unnamed Cunningham, â€Å"You might like to know that there was one fellow who took considerable wearing downin the beginning he was rarin for an outright acquittal. † Even though this Cunningham was not able to hold his ground, he held his position for over two hours while arguing with his peers. It was a courageous act all in itself. Lee may have tried to express societys views threw the use of the mobs. Each mob contained men of different occupations, classes, and life-styles; but, were bonded with a common trait- hatred. Humans are not born hating each other; therefor, they have to learn it in life. The men in the in the mobs inherited this trait from their environment in Maycomb. Some of them were able to realize the naivete involved in hatred. With the bonds shared inside the community, a person may have felt reserved in asserting his or her ideas. This is most likely why Mr. Cunningham initially joined the mob, and why the other Cunningham gave in to the others in the jury. Anybody can be a scrupulous and gentle person, but when a person becomes part of a collective is when their convictions come to the test.

Rational Organization

Introduction From my own understanding, rationality is the kind of thinking that a group of people or an individual wish to have to attain their goals if they are conscious of their best interests. Thinking is about the goals, beliefs, and decisions that individuals and organizations have. Rational beliefs are coherent rather than contradictory, but they should match the person’s experience. The behavior should be aimed at achieving some goals.Advertising We will write a custom book review sample on Rational Organization specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Decision-making is important, and it should be based on evaluation of the cost and the benefits of the behavior. Decisions, which result in more gain than pain, are preferred. Lastly, rationality involves utility maximization, the effort to minimize losses or disadvantages and increase the advantages. The question whether behaviors and structures of an organization are ratio nal or not has been a controversial issue. Using the works of Weber; DiMaggio and Powell, the paper will discuss differences perceptions and their contributions of organizations to making less or more irrational decisions by human beings (Handel 243). Many people have the tendency to view their own actions, words, and thoughts as rational and consider other people’s views and perceptions as irrational. Irrational actions and opinions are those that arise from inadequate reasoning, emotional distress, and insufficient thoughts. Organizations are mainly designed to achieve specific goals. According to Handel (244), organizations are social structures formed by a group of people, working under strict rules and regulations with the aim of meeting certain objectives. Organizations involve purposeful, deliberate, and conscious cooperation among the members. The question whether behaviors and structures of an organization are rational or not has been a controversial issue. Using the works of Weber; DiMaggio and Powell, the paper will discuss contributions of organizations to making less or more irrational decisions by human beings. Rationalization Weber highlights in the â€Å"Protestant Ethics and the Spirit of Capitalism† that people are imprisoned by rationalist order imposed by capitalism, which becomes their iron cage. In his bureaucracy theory, he argues that rationality is a powerful and efficient way of controlling human beings.Advertising Looking for book review on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More After its establishment, the power of bureaucracy is not reversible. Societies have been haunted by the metaphor of iron cage because of increase in spread of bureaucracy. Organizational rationalization must, however, change even though the spread of bureaucracy increased widely eight years after release of Max Webber’s documentations. According to Webber, there are three main causes of bureaucracy, so there is an increased need for leaders to control citizens, states, and markets in competing capitalist societies, as well as demand for equality by middle classmen. Webber points out competition in the market as the main cause of bureaucracy (Handel 244). DiMaggio and Powell argue that Weber’s assumptions should be studied again because rationalization and bureaucracy causes have changed. States and corporations have achieved bureaucratization. Bureaucracy is still the common form of organization but companies are homogeneous. Most of the organizations have similar characteristics Efficiency and competition are not the main causes of organizational changes in structure. Processes that take place in enterprises and bureaucracy make organizations efficient and similar. Similar procedures are followed by organizations. The scholars argue that organizational fields cause bureaucratization and other similar characteristics in organizations. An organ izational field is group organizations that form a recognized institution. Organizational field includes resources, products, regulatory agencies, consumers, key suppliers, and other organizations producing similar products and services. Professions and state also contribute to the process. These have been the main organizational rationalizes in the 20th century. Organizational fields, which are well structured, provide a good environment in which the efforts of an individual to rationally deal with constraints and uncertainties lead to total homogeneity in output, culture, and structure (Handel 244). Most modern theories explain different actions of organizations as well as behavior and structural differences among them. Hannan and Freeman wanted to provide the answer to the question why there existed many organizations. Handel (244) seeks to provide answers to homogeneity in forms and practices of organizations but not variations. Organizational fields show differences in form and approach in the initial stages.Advertising We will write a custom book review sample on Rational Organization specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More After its establishment, fields gradually become homogeneous. Winnowing, development of hospital, and radio industries can illustrate this assumption. In the above spheres, structurization emerges. Moreover, the organizations become homogenized. The state and competition structure organizations operating on businesses, which are made similar by powerful forces. New practices adopted and goals modified form new organizations. Innovations are aimed at improving the performance of business. Rational strategies in an organization may be irrational if adopted by other companies. Isomorphism is used in description of homogenization process. A restricting process compels an organizational unit to adopt strategies similar to those of other units exposed to similar environmental conditions. The dr ive toward similarity is referred to as isomorphism. There are two main types, institutional, and competitive. Competitive isomorphism is associated with the works of Hannan and Freeman. The three main mechanisms behind changes in institutional isomorphism include coercive isomorphism, mimetic isomorphism, and normative isomorphism. Coercive isomorphism is pressure from the competitors to which the organization in question is subjected. As an example, governmental mandates originating from financial requirements and contract law may be given (Handel 245). Organizations within the same geographical regions tend to be homogeneous because they share similar rituals. Small organizations are highly affected by large corporations. Mimetic isomorphism is the extend to which an organization moulds itself like other organizations. Organizations tend to shape themselves like companies that have been successful or those that they think are valid to them. People may also bring about changes and consultants who moved into the organization by initiating changes, they think, may be a benefit to the organization. Professions exert normative isomorphism pressure to an organization. For example, employees with similar educational status tend to handle problems in similar ways. They have the tendency of importing and pushing norms that are necessary in the organization so that particular forms and routines are adopted. Conformities in organizations are strengthened by socialization. Similarities between the three processes make it possible for easy interaction between organizations. This helps in establishment of legitimacy in organizations (Handel 247).Advertising Looking for book review on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Max Webber developed a theory of authority structures, which describes activities in the organization based on legal authority. In this case, the subjects should obey rules enacted by people in authority. He argues that authorities are established by building structures, decision-making, and task responsibilities. The author defines the power and authority that an individual possess in the organization as a rational-legal authority. Weber points out that rational legal authority should not be based on character of an individual, social status, or wealth. Bureaucracy is developed by this power. The main difference is that Weber stresses of bureaucracy as the cause of similarity in organizations whereas DiMaggio and Powell argues that bureaucracy has undergone changes (Handel 17). Weber’s ideal principles include division of labor in his theory. Duties are broken down into routine, well defined, and attributed to simple jobs. The leadership form is hierarchy, in which lower off ices are controlled by higher offices. Technical norms or rules are applied to control the behavior of people. Special training is required if application of the rules is not rational. Selection of members is formal. Technical qualifications are a major determining factor in selection of members. Individuals appointed to serve in official positions must have technical qualifications. Rational democracy requires administrative members to be completely separated from ownership of administrative and production means. Rules, decisions, and acts of administration are recorded down for reference. After oral discussion, decisions arrived at should be put down in a written document. This includes proposals, preliminary and final decisions as well as rules and orders. The office is composed of continual operation and written documents by officials. Workers, employees, and officials in the organization do not own non-human production and administration means. Officials are supposed to account for them clearly. The common belief between the two authors is that they belief in similarity (Handel 18). Conclusion Weber argues that bureaucracy is the most recognized form of exercising legal authority in the system of administration. The supreme chief who attains his /her position by virtue of succession, election, or appropriation manages organizations. Other administrative staff members are appointed to serve different functions. Examples of organizations in which bureaucracy is applicable include privately owned clinics and hospitals maintained by religious institutions. Bureaucracy is illustrated in the Catholic Church, in which priests and the doctrine of Papal infallibility dominate the church. In order for entities to realize success in performance, there must be common goals and regulations, which govern achievement of these goals. Rationality plays a major role in organizations. It is clear from both texts that DiMaggio, Powell, and Weber have some views that are simi lar and they differ in some perceptions of rationality in organizations (Handel 19). Works Cited Handel, Michael. The sociology of organizations: classic, contemporary, and critical readings. New York: SAGE, 2003.Print. This book review on Rational Organization was written and submitted by user Harvey Cole to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.